Monday, September 30, 2019
Apple Board of Directors
Lydia Butler Board of Directors Apple A. Board of Directors 1. William V. Campbell Chairman Intuit, Inc. (external) 1983 Tim Cook CEO Apple (internal) 2011 Millard S. Drexler Chairman and Chief Executive Officer J. Crew (external) 1999 Albert Gore, Jr. Former Vice President of the United States (external) 2003 Andrea Jung Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Avon Products, Inc. (external) 2008 Arthur D. Levinson, Ph. D. Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Genentech, Inc. (external) 1980 Ronald D. Sugar, Ph. D. Former Chairman and CEO Northrop Grumman Corporation (external) 2010 2. Members of the board do in fact own stock in Apple including Tim Cook who was given 1 million shares when he became CEO. 3. From research online I found that most Board members had a mix of both public and restricted stock depending on the person. 4. All of the board members are seasoned CEO’s of their own corporations, many of which have been the best of their expertise for decades and served on many other boards. 5. The year each member of the board joined is adjacent to their names. 6. Members of the board do not only â€Å"rubber stamp†management decisions but are also excited to use their talents and ideas to further better the company. For example, in his bio on Apple. com, it is stated about that Ron Sugar that: â€Å"In addition to having been the CEO of a high-tech Fortune 100 company, Ron has a Ph. D. in engineering and has been involved in the development of some very sophisticated technology. †CORPORATE GOVERNANCE A. Board of Directors 1. Who is on the board? Are they internal or external members? 2. Do they own significant shares of stock? 3. Is the stock privately held or publicly traded? Are there different classes of stock with different voting rights? 4. What do the board members contribute to the corporation in terms of knowledge, skills, background, and connections? If the corporation has international operations, do board members have international experience? 5. How long have members served on the board? 6. What is their level of involvement in strategic management? Do they merely rubber-stamp top management's proposals, or do they actively participate and suggest future directions? You have a good start here, but additional information and research would have been nice to see. Be sure to provide and cite your references. 80/100
Sunday, September 29, 2019
Political Rhetoric Essay
John F. Kennedy and Barack Obama both make successful attempts at addressing the thoughts, concerns, and fears of the American people in their speeches made on the Democratic platform. John F. Kennedy addresses the nation in his 1960 â€Å"Inaugural Address,†while Obama addresses Bostonians at Democratic Convention in a speech entitled â€Å"The Audacity of Hope.†Both speakers demonstrate the skilful use of the rhetorical devices ethos, logos, and pathos for the purpose of garnering support for policies and ideas thought to be important in shaping the future of the country. The appeals made by these speakers demonstrate an ability to grab the interest of the audience and engage their attention through continued appeals to their conscience as humans and Americans (Callaway). Both Obama and Kennedy succeed in employing these ethical, logical, and pathetic modes of discourse in a tone that seeks to motivate and inspire their audiences to support them in their endeavors. As a young Catholic, John F. Kennedy’s road to the white house was filled with difficulties. He lost the ballot for the Democratic candidacy in 1956, and was forced to wait four more years before he could gain the chance to run for the American Presidency. His victory over Richard Nixon in November of 1960 was very hard won, with many persons apprehensive of his campaign strategy involving making the United States a new frontier. As the country had entered an economic slump and faced the threat of communism, his job was difficult on both domestic and foreign frontiers. Yet, his policies were dynamic, and he audibly heralded the dawn of a new generation (The White House).  John F. Kennedy gave his inaugural speech on January 20, 1961 as the 35th president of the United States and the youngest one to date (Carter 36). This inaugural speech is an exemplary one in the discipline of rhetoric for it skillfully engages its audience with tone at the beginning of the speech, as he downplays the Democratic victory and calls attention to the tradition of liberty that has been the heritage of the American people (Meyer 239). He speaks not of â€Å"victory of a party but a celebration of freedomâ€â€symbolizing an end as well as a beginningâ€â€signifying a renewal as well as change†(Kennedy). Using well chosen diction, he declares unselfishly an eagerness to protect the hard-won freedom and a determination to act morally on the national and international scene. He makes the claim that â€Å"civility is not a sign of weakness,†thereby underscoring the importance of ethical conduct and principled behavior (Kennedy). Kennedy’s assertion of the unity of his country is one that, according to his discourse, aims to extend to the entirety of the Americas. He clarifies the context of this civility by highlighting the courage that should attend all diplomatic endeavors. This was the period of the Bay of Pigs in which Russia’s apparent aim was to establish a presence in Cuba. Kennedy declares, â€Å"Let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house†(Kennedy). This represents an ethical claim which finds it just and right for the stronger nations in the region to stand guard on behalf of the weaker ones. Kennedy makes this statement in order to show that the United States does and should consider it its duty to safeguard the interests of the countries of Earth’s Western Hemisphere.            John F. Kennedy also appeals to the logical sense of the entire nation in a number of ways throughout his speech (Meyer 239). For example, he refers to the diplomacy he intends to undertake with other nations and announces that logic and discussion will attend such diplomatic meetings for the discussion of arms and hostile military activity. He displays the logic of his belief in his statement that nations in conflict do well to â€Å"formulate serious and precise proposals for the inspection and control of arms†(Kennedy). The systematic method in which these proposed ideas are to be dealt with underscores the logical construction of the manner in which such negotiations are to proceed.            The speech by Kennedy also reflects a significant appeal to the sentiments of the nation (Meyer 139). The pathetic sympathies of his audience are aroused in his appeal to the traditions of liberty upon which the nation has been built. This patriotism elicits the pride and nationalism of the audience in the hope of identifying and exploiting the connection between the militarist actions of the past and his proposal for diplomatic action in the future. He appeals for their support in his famous lines, â€Å"Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country. Ask not what America will do for you but what together we can do for the freedom of man†(Kennedy). He makes this appeal, and in doing so requests the assistance of Americans’ sense of duty, which should be â€Å"unwilling to witness or permit†any form of encroachment upon the freedom hard won by those forefathers who died on the battlefields (Kennedy). Here he indicates that the Soviet efforts to establish threatening communist connections with Cuba would not be tolerated by the United States.            Kennedy also appeals to the trepidation felt by many Americans because of the stand-off developing between the United States and the Soviet Union. He refers to the state of atomic warfare in the world and speaks to the widespread fear that seemed to permeate the nation since the atomic bomb became a threat. He demonstrates his understanding of people’s concern with what he terms â€Å"the steady spread of the deadly atom†(Kennedy). He makes this appeal to the fear they feel in order to win their support for the military budget he subsequently proposes. Kennedy evokes the deep sense of endurance of the people in a â€Å"call to bear the burden of a long, twilight struggle, year in and year out†(Kennedy). This reflects the depth of the seriousness which he attributes to the threat of atomic aggression by hostile Communist states. Furthermore, the fact that this idea is given immediately following the allusion to â€Å"the graves of young Americans who answered the call to service around the globe†points to the gravity of the situation that faces the United States. Kennedy, therefore, stirs the feelings of his audience in order to garner their acceptance of the idea that the costly upkeep of the military – most likely leading to a greater tax burden – is of great necessity to the preservation of American life, liberty, and dignity. It will be seen that the effectiveness of Barack Obama’s speech utilizes techniques that are similar to those used by Kennedy. Barack Obama’s keynote speech to the National Democratic Convention was given on July 29, 2004 before he became a Senator (African-American 16). His goal in giving this speech is to promote the idea of living the American dream under the democratic candidate John Kerry. It is an example of a speech written to appeal to readers on several levels of the rhetorical scale. At this point in Obama’s life, he is a member of the Illinois state legislature and has recently announced his candidacy for the United States Senate. As a legislator, he has had exposure to the responsibility of making ethical decisions that result in the better regulation of the liberties promised in the constitution (Mack 99). He has also done work in very poor neighborhoods, and knows firsthand the problems faced by the people in those areas. The moral credibility of this speech is embodied in this central purpose: to promote and support â€Å"life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness†(Obama). He cites these qualities as being attributable to a â€Å"faith in simple dreams, an insistence on small miracles; that we can tuck in our children at night and know that they are fed and clothed and safe from harm; that we can say what we think, write what we think, without hearing a sudden knock on the door†(Obama). The knowledge Obama has gained from his diverse experience qualifies him to speak on the behalf of a candidate whose aims are drafted along the lines of enacting legislation that will improve people’s social condition. Obama also uses ethical reasoning in his charge to the American leaders to engage the governments of other nations in talks that will unite countries under the banner of their common problems rather than divide them based on conflict. He charges such leaders to encourage them to explore the areas of science that give wonder and hope, rather than those areas that terrify and promise harm. In this way, Obama appeals to the deep sense of moral character and integrity possessed by his hearers, and which he knows they hope for the person he introduces – John Kerry – to bring to his agenda as a democratic candidate for the presidency. Obama also utilizes the rhetorical device of pathos in his Democratic Convention speech. From the very beginning of his speech, his words appeal to the sentiments of his audience as he reminisces on the ancestral lines that brought him to where he now stands. He highlights how unlikely it is for him to have achieved the privilege of being in his current position, because of the lowliness of his father’s birth (Mack 101). His humility is evident in his use of the phrase â€Å"Thank you†eight times in the first two lines. He mentions the goat-herding vocation of his father, and yet contrasts this with the strength of the dreams his grandfather had for his goat-herding son. Obama appeals further to the audience’s sentiment by underlining the level of hard work to which his maternal grandfather committed himself, emphasizing his eagerness to enlist in the American military on the day that Pearl Harbor was bombed. He also does this in his reference to the variety of people who seek a land in which they call home. He says, â€Å"It’s the hope of slaves sitting around a fire singing freedom songs; the hope of immigrants setting out for distant shores; the hope of a young naval lieutenant bravely patrolling the Mekong Delta; the hope of a mill-worker’s son who dares to defy the odds; the hope of a skinny kid with a funny name who believes that America has a place for him, too†(Obama). In this way, he appeals to the patriotic nature of the audience and to highlight the right he and the diverse population have to claim this nation as their own. Barack Obama also makes a joint appeal both to the logos and pathos of the audience in his allusion to the job and health care situations in America. He says, â€Å"It is that fundamental belief: I am my brother’s keeper. I am my sister’s keeper that makes this country work,†and this represents his rousing of the conscience of the people toward a more communal type of social policy he advocates (Obama). He also demonstrates reasoning and in his treatment of specific problems, evoking a sense that justice fails where people who have worked diligently all their lives are now required to compete with teenagers for low-paying jobs. This form of appeal also comes to the fore where he mentions the hardworking father who is at a loss to figure out how he can pay a $4500 weekly bill for his sick son when he cannot afford insurance (Obama). The dismal circumstances evoke the sympathy of his hearers. He also combines logos and pathos in his mention of the health care situation. From a logical point of view, humanitarian considerations support the idea of universal health care and hard work should logically be rewarded with proper medical treatment when necessary. The tone of Obama’s address is one of patriotism and urgency. He speaks of the drive and heart of the American people underscores his point that the leader he endorses believes strongly in the ideas he has put forth. He says, â€Å"Now even as we speak, there are those who are preparing to divide us  the spin masters, the negative ad peddlers who embrace the politics of ‘anything goes.’ Well, I say to them tonight, there is not a liberal America and a conservative America  there is the United States of America†(Obama). His tone is also inspirational and motivational, and he highlights the ways in which the passion and ambition of the American people has the ability not just to make them succeed in the things to which they put their hands and minds, but also to unite them as one nation. Yet he also highlights the areas that need change, and encourages all the audience that together such goals can be achieved if the American initiative and ingenuity is employed. He exhorts his audience with his words and provocative tone to move forward by selecting the right candidate.            The speeches of John F. Kennedy and Barack Obama use rhetoric as a means of constructing logical and ethical arguments that appeal also to the sentiments of their audience. Both speakers show themselves to be exceptional orators and to possess skill in rousing the spirits of the nation in support of their political campaigns. They also show themselves to be united in their efforts to earn the backing of the American people for future domestic and foreign policies. Obama appeals to the deepest and most immediate concerns of the people, and by insisting on his interest in social welfare programs, shows himself worthy of their trust and sympathies. Kennedy’s inaugural speech highlights the endeavor of a newly elected Democratic president to air the qualities of an unproven leader as being propitious for the direction the country seeks to take. Kennedy makes himself one with the people by referring to the areas in which they share ethical beliefs and logical connections. Both speakers allude to recent and older historical periods in which wars were fought and Americans died. In so doing, the speakers are able to garner support for the policies that will preserve freedom and prosperity for many gave their lives. Works Cited â€Å"An African-American Law School Professor Aims to Become the Fifth Black U.S.      Senator.†The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. Vol. 43 (Spring, 2004) pp 16 – 17.         JSTOR. http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=10773711%28200421%290%3A43%3C16            %3AAALSPA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-R. Callaway, Michael. â€Å"Logos, Ethos, and Pathos.†Arizona State University. 26 January 2008            http://www.public.asu.edu/~macalla/logosethospathos.html. Carter, Burnham Jr. â€Å"President Kennedy’s Inaugural Address.†College Composition and            Communication. Vol. 14 No. 1 (February, 1963) pp 36 – 40. JSTOR. 1 February 2008            http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0010096X%28196302%2914%3A1%3C36%3APKIA%3            E2.0.CO%3B2-Q Kennedy, John Fitzgerald. â€Å"Inaugural Address.†20 January 1061. American Rhetoric: Online  Speech Bank. 26 January 2008 http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/ jfkinaugural.htm. Mack, Kenneth W. â€Å"Barack Obama before He Was a Rising Political Star†The Journal of        Blacks in Higher Education. No. 45, pp 99 – 104 (Autumn, 2004). JSTOR. 1 February       2008 http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=1077-3711%28200423%290%3A45%3C98% 3ABOBHWA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-N. Meyer, Sam. â€Å"The John F. Kennedy Inauguration Speech: Function and Importance of Its         ‘Address System’.†Rhetoric Society Quarterly Vol. 12 No. 4 (Autumn, 1982), pp. 239-    250. JSTOR. 1 February 2008 http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0277-3945%28198223 %2912%3A4%3C239%3ATJFKIS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-M . Obama, Barack. â€Å"The Audacity of Hope.†27 July 2004. American Rhetoric: Online Speech     Bank. 26 January 2008 http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/convention2004/ barackobama2004dnc.htm. White House, The. â€Å"John Kennedy.†Past Presidents. Washington. Retrieved on February 18,  2008 from http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/jk35.html Annotated Bibliography â€Å"An African-American Law School Professor Aims to Become the Fifth Black U.S. Senator.†            The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. Vol. 43 (Spring, 2004) pp 16 – 17.                                  JSTOR. . This article from The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education appeared in the Spring 2004 edition. It is an un-authored article that talks about Barack Obama’s rise through the political ranks all the way up to running for Senator. This article will help provide background information related to Obama’s early years in the State Legislature and later on in the Senate. Blakesley, David, and Jeffrey Hoogeveen. The Brief Thompson Handbook. Ohio: Thomson                Wadsworth, 2008. This book is a handbook used for reference in all forms of writing. It has unique sections such as MLA documentation and how to research writing critically. It served a dual purpose in my paper as it was able to help me define several key terms as well as cite all appropriate sources properly. Callaway, Michael. â€Å"Logos, Ethos, and Pathos.†Arizona State University. 26 January 2008                 . This site presents a helpful chart on the ethos, pathos, and logos, which clearly differentiates each of the three styles of presenting an argument. It also presents clear definition as well as some examples from known articles written by recognized celebrities. It also gave insight into how to prepare a well-developed essay on rhetoric. Carter, Burnham Jr. â€Å"President Kennedy’s Inaugural Address.†College Composition and                                Communication. Vol. 14 No. 1 (February, 1963) pp 36 – 40. JSTOR. 1 February                                   2008 http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0010096X%28196302%2914%3A1%3            C36%3APKIA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Q This five page article by Burnham Carter Jr. was written two years after President John F. Kennedy gave his Inaugural Address. It praises Kennedy’s words and goes on to explore why it was such a great speech. This article is very well organized and uses outsides sources to get its point across. The ideas in this article will provide a basis upon which to build further arguments concerning the effectiveness of John F. Kennedy’s speech. Clarke, Thurston. â€Å"The Inauguration of John F. Kennedy and the Speech That Changed                        America.†The San Francisco Chronicle. 24 October, 2004. 26 January 2008                           . This article from the San Francisco Chronicle by Thurston Clarke recounts one of the most famous speeches ever given: The Inauguration of JFK. There was a myth that the speech could have been written by JFK’s assistant, Ted Sorensen. However, in the article Thurston disproves the rumor and demonstrates how JFK was the true author of his own remarkable words. The work helps give insight into the strategic mind of John F. Kennedy, and will apply to the logical aspects of the analytic paper.. Kennedy, John Fitzgerald. â€Å"Inaugural Address.†20 January 1061. American Rhetoric: Online             Speech Bank. 26 January 2008 . John F Kennedy’s Inaugural Address can be found in the Online Speech Bank of the American Rhetoric website. On this specific page it has the audio, video, and text of the speech that I will be analyzing. The speech will be examined on the following areas of rhetoric: pathos, logos and ethos, and will provide the primary material to be assessed. Mack, Kenneth W. â€Å"Barack Obama before He Was a Rising Political Star†The Journal of                   Blacks in Higher Education. No. 45, pp 99 – 104 (Autumn, 2004). JSTOR. 1                              February 2008 . Kenneth W. Mack wrote this four page article for The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education in the Fall of 2004. In the article, Mack addresses his relationship with Barack Obama on both a political and personal scale. He recounts anecdotes of himself and Obama along with other important political figures to shed light on hwo deserving Obama is of his acclaim. He also analyzes the Keynote Address that Obama gave at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. This article will provide deeper insight into the Obama’s character, and will inform the main ideas presented in the analysis of his speech. Meyer, Sam. â€Å"The John F. Kennedy Inauguration Speech: Function and Importance of Its                     ‘Address System’.†Rhetoric Society Quarterly Vol. 12 No. 4 (Autumn, 1982),                          pp. 239-250. JSTOR. 1 February 2008 . This twelve page article is an in-depth analysis on John F Kennedy’s Inaugural Speech. It explores all aspects of the speech with topics ranging from the audience to logos, pathos, and ethos. It breaks down different quotations and analyzes the content and not only the textual meaning but possible broader meanings. It will aid in the relation of the ideas presented in JFK’s speech to the context in which it was made. Obama, Barack. â€Å"The Audacity of Hope.† 27 July 2004. American Rhetoric: Online Speech               Bank. 26 January 2008 . The American Rhetoric is a website that houses famous pieces of literature, both American and Foreign. This particular piece is a speech from the 2004 Democratic National Convention and is the Key Note Address. The speech is given by Barack Obama when he was still a member of the Illinois State Legislator. I will be examining the speech for the main elements of Rhetoric: logos, pathos and ethos. It will be used as the main source from which quotations and examples will be drawn in an analysis of the speech’s effectiveness. Ramage, John, John Bean, and June Johnson. Writing Arguments: A Rhetoric with Readings. 7th         ed. White Plains, NY: Longman, 2006. This is a book that revolves around the topic of arguments. It defines argument, presents numerous argument readings over the pages, and then tackles on assisting readers into writing arguments. One of the arguments in the text is a speech by Former Attorney General John Ashcroft titled, â€Å"Testimony to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary.†Using pathos Ashcroft states that America must not be complacent and should be one-on-one in defending the nation against terrorist attacks. Another argument in the book is made by Patricia Williams in an article titled â€Å"To See or Not to See.†This article tackles the invalidity of the antiterrorism policies, especially when it comes to liberty and human rights of the minorities. The methods in which these state officials tackle these tough problems will give insight into the difficulties facing Kennedy at the time. Comparisons of his attitude with that of these contemporary leaders will help to indicate the extent to w hich his proposed policies were necessary. United Sates. Senate. Barack Obama: U.S. Senator for Illinois. 1 February 2008. This website is the homepage for Senator Barack Obama. It is a very detailed site with many subsidiary pages that include things from biographical information to his previous speeches on podcast. The homepage has an RSS feed that gives up to the minute latest news relating to the Senator. It also indicates the issues for which Obama argues and different committees with which he is associated. This source gives an idea of the Obama’s political interests and facilitates the comparison of his speech’s main points. It also gives insight into the areas in which Obama may have done (or found) research for his speech. White House, The. â€Å"John Kennedy.†Past Presidents. Washington. Retrieved on February 18,  2008 from http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/jk35.html This article is a biography of John F. Kennedy, detailing his birth, tour in Japan, road to the White House and subsequent assassination while in office. It also tells of other accomplishments, the Bay of Pigs campaign, and the overall mission that he had in store for the country. It is useful as a source of general background information concerning Kennedy. Â
Saturday, September 28, 2019
“Live on Purpose”
I'm talking about a keeping up with someone when the spotty light is off, the camera crew had left, when a school year Is almost up and that child's is struggling to past the next assignment, when they are so extracted by social media and you can take out a few seconds of your busy schedule and say, hey kid, I'm just checking on you to make sure your k, making sure your still good on your grades, attendance and still working toward your career goals. Is there anything I can help you with?Just a simple meager like that to reach out each month to stay connected to your minute. I'm asking if you can take out the time to Join in with me for this purpose. Originally stated with the goal of housing this event on September 6, I've had to reschedule it for several reasons. You wouldn't believe all the word things that has tried to keep me from doing this event from people bashing out In me, greedy agents, sponsors sending fraud cashier checks, venue over booking, all kinds of madness.But wha t has mad me strive to do this event Is not only am I using this event as a project for my dissertation for my doctoral degree but I have so many young people that are begging me to be apart of this event that it surprising me. I was a little nervous because I wanted to make sure I made it fun for them so they would want to come and get involved. I know we are competing with social media. When the little girl from our neighborhood was murdered a few months ago, I now social media had a lot to do with it, my baby daughter Is struggling with social media.She uses this new thing call â€Å"tab†(to be honest) to allow her friends to rage her. They rate each other from 1-10 in Mainstream and then they put symbols by the number they give you . If you don't get a high enough most kids go back and change their looks. Especially the girls, they change their hair, as make up, show more body arts and start transforming to change their ratings to become more acceptable. I've looked for my daughter & niece and they would be In the restroom, transforming to improve ratings.I've found pictures of them where they look like grown women all professionals in your field to help me. This is event has grown over me and my budget. But I'm not asking for your money, I'm asking for your time. I need mentors. Guys, if you're actors, performers, athletes your participation is helpful because they can be in touch with some realistic in these careers that can keep them connected to hat career goal.Doctors, lawyers, chefs, teachers, pastors, truck drivers, entrepreneurs, d]'s, seamstress, tailors, scientists, engineers, real estate agents, politicians, event planners, farmers, producers, laborers, travel agents, housewives, barbered, beauticians, models,graphic assigner, and any other career professional. We don't want to miss anyone. We want to stay connected the whole school year. This pep rally will be the Jump off for the project. We have an electronic seem to sigh up with pare ntal consent and and after the event we will pair 5-7 kids with a mentor in he same field.So we are teaching demodulating skills also. The mentor connects through Mainstream once a month and depending on scheduling, parental consent, teen participation and funding we will have pep rallies and other events to meet up for special occasions either as a whole or for the smaller groups. Will you Join me or respond for more details about the event. All mentors will be screened before being paired up whir the children. Thank for your time, and I look forward to working with you on you project. Special Thanks to The Epilepsy Foundation and Platinum Entertainment Group.
Friday, September 27, 2019
Learning Style Inventory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Learning Style Inventory - Essay Example Sometimes these questions seemed obvious or sometimes they were questions that begged for them to go deeper into the subject matter. If I was asking obvious questions I was asking because I needed clarification to make sure I was on the same page as the teacher. I am not a person that is quick to respond when there is a problem. The explanation of solitary learning style says that these people have a tendency to withdraw while they are solving a problem rather than talk to someone. This is the type of person I am which drives some of my friends crazy. I just like to think about things before I act on them. The classes I like most are those that allow me to do my own work in my own style. I do not like classes that have a set patter of things that have to be done and that expect you just to do the work without question. I like questioning and I learn more when the professors are patient and answer what I am asking. Many of my classes fit my learning style but to pick one it would have to be an English class that I had a couple of semesters ago. The teacher made English interesting because we were given a choice of projects around a theme. As an example, we were supposed to go out and look at a couple of stores and decide what they were "really" selling. Once we did this we were to write up a compare and contrast paper. The teacher was outgoing and during class time he had us reading very interesting short stories and commenting on them. His techniques matched my learning style because we were able to express ourselves in writing and he did not press those who did not talk in class. I t hought he was a very interesting person and I enjoyed his class very much. I found it interesting that security guards were one of the "common pursuits" that this learning style inventory suggested. I can see how it might be a profession where you would work by yourself but it still seems that you would be working around people and it would not be as solitary
Thursday, September 26, 2019
Select a product of popular culture and identify and discuss the Essay
Select a product of popular culture and identify and discuss the ideology that it gives expression to - Essay Example For such a reason, it is in good terms with the corporate acceptance. It is because of such a reason, that it excludes any formal and official gatherings as a potential target market. There are interesting aspects of culture in the identity of Red Bull. Red Bull has expressed different culture and cult in various parts of the world. Red Bull main market routes include pubs and bars. Red Bull has built up connections and associations with other alcoholic drinks in Western Europe. It has kept distance association with other alcoholic drinks in the Asian markets. This displays the different cultural aspects it is regarded with, in different places. Red bull’s entry into the market followed a strategy rooted firmly on its brand identity. It is based on the principle that Red Bull is Yin and Yang. It proposes a concept of balance. The concept is represented by two forces or bulls that merge in opposition. Through vigorous fighting, they develop to complement and accommodate each other. They become strong, and both strive to reach the peak and perfection. This philosophy is again duplicated in the presentation of Red Bull. The presentation displays a product that attains balance between the mind and body. This implies that when one uses it, development in the body and mind is enhanced. Red Bull maintains good body and mind state, despite it being an alcoholic drink. It uses various techniques in convincing people of its benefits. Such a technique is physique. The drink promises to â€Å"vitalize the body and body†. Its close association with sports and its display that it â€Å"gives you wings†is both convincing and inspirational. It further convinces people of its ideology by distinguishing it from carbonated drinks. The carbonated drinks often contain kids and adolescent connotations. Another convincing physique aspect of the drink is in its packaging. The drink comes packed in a thin and lean can. This gives a look that is both vibrant and flexible. This
Travel Agency HR Plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Travel Agency HR Plan - Research Paper Example As such the key concerns for every human resources department have always been job satisfaction, employee commitment and motivation which are the determinants of the level of performance and job growth. The resources based approach to the role of human resources management proposes that the company has a competitive advantage if it can effectively execute its human resources strategy. As such the human resources strategy serves certain functions including creating competitive advantage. The focus of the firm’s competitive edge is the potential for effective and efficient execution of the production process. This is mainly associated with the firm’s workforce and how the workforce responds to the firm’s objectives and goals. People management The organisation’s human resources strategy ensures that the employees remain objective to the firm’s overall goals and objectives. Each employee has their own personal goals and objectives which are either simi lar or different from those of the organisation. The human resources strategy ensures that the employee aims and objectives are incorporated in the mission and objectives of the organisation. Job growth. ... This acts as a motivation mechanism for the employees by driving their efforts towards a particular achievable and well laid out objective. 2. Challenges in the implementation Change management in the organisation has always presented serious concerns to the human resources department. The implementation of the human resources strategy will therefore be confronted by the resistance to change among the employees who are not as willing to adjust to the new strategy. Further the new human resources strategy will require the managers to change their systems of administration and instruction to allow for the adoption and effective implementation of the new strategy. The new strategy also requires a particular skill set that acts as the basis for the allocation of duties and responsibilities. As such not many employees bear these skills. This causes the projections of the strategy to deviate from the practically possible results. The recruitment of the new employees will also create new tr aining costs to ensure that the employees maintain a strict standard of responsibility to the strategy. Finally the production line of the travel agency has an industry best practice standard which is commonly used among the travel agencies. Any deviation from the common standards creates doubts of actual effectiveness. 3. The purpose of HR metrics and their effect on senior management Human resources metrics are the series of factors and circumstances that allow the organisation to quantify the participation of the human resources as resources to the business. The effective implementation of corporate strategy depends on the ability to effectively manage the organisation (Lawler, Levenson, and Boudreau 2004). The
Wednesday, September 25, 2019
Individual report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Individual report - Essay Example A small part offers on an ad hoc basis some services like company human performance appraisals. A lot of them offer some training seminars in order to increase their product portfolio but these seminars are not specialized in a particular sector i.e. accountancy, marketing etc. They offer seminars according to the current market demand needs. None of them has a distinguished competitive advantage. Even the recruitment process is done the same way i.e. only by using repetitive unstructured interviews and checking references. The companies specialized in low and medium level employees use in many occasions psychological tests but these are not adapted to the specifications of the different positions and the local requirements. They are just translations of foreign tests. Another issue concerns the type of employees / consultants they use. In order to keep employee costs low, they hire employees with minimum experience or no experience at all. They prefer graduates of Human Resources or Psychology but with non existent professional experience. These graduates receive no training and perform interviews and selection of candidates rather from the start. Due to the fact that they have no professional experience or understanding of the market, they cannot communicate effectively with the HR Directors and fill the positions with the right candidates. In many cases, employees are obliged to act as salespeople and this results in a low quality recruitment and selection processes. The situation becomes even worse in cases where the HR agencies offer more specialized services like human performance appraisal and training. On the other hand, there are some local small companies offering training seminars. The seminars they offer are not adapted to the specific needs of the companies, there are ready made packages from abroad. In addition, they offer a wide
Tuesday, September 24, 2019
Problems with Genetic Manipulation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Problems with Genetic Manipulation - Essay Example In Wood's society of predetermination through genetic alterations, no one has to take any measure of personal responsibility. In the introduction of Better Living through Genetics, James Wood uses persuasive speech (logos) as well as a somewhat morally appealing argument (ethos) to convince the reader of the benefits of genetic engineering. An example of this is the sentence "Genetic analysis during in vitro ("test tube") fertilization enables couples to eliminate sickle cell anemia and a host of other diseases from their offspring.". What parent to be would not wish to ensure the healthiest of offspring There is certainly a sense of moral fiber behind wanting to make sure that one has healthy, disease free children. This statement is therefore supported by both logos and ethos. Logos is the part of Aristotelian argument that specifically deals with persuasive argument through speech. As the essay continues, Wood tried to convince his readers of the boundless benefits of literally designing and predetermining their offspring in an almost Hitler like ideology. The statement that follows is an example of something one would assume came straight out of the holocaust ".Nevertheless, society will still have to protect itself from criminals. The only practical solution, until defects are purged from the species, is mandatory genetic testing and preemptive action, including putting people with "criminal genes" in prison before they commit crimes." The fact that the reader cannot escape the notion that Wood's "utopia" is an almost genocide or ethnic cleansing of sorts, allows one to determine that both pathos (appealing to one's emotions) and ethos (moral competence) are completely abandoned. Although, a few statements such as the above idea that one can prevent one's offspring from genetic deformities and disease, may be arguably an example of either pathos or ethos. The overall essay however, deviates from both. In addition, the essay is somewhat choppy and therefore lacking in logos (argument through speech). If the piece had been more eloquently written, one may be able to find it more persuasive. This is not to say that some of the statements here and there are not worded reasonably well and therefore slightly convincing. For example, Wood discusses that the process of creating his genetically engineered "utopia" would take place in stages and eventually appeal to everyone "Almost every one of the myriad incremental steps toward utopia appeals to some value such as competitive advantage or convenience". This causes the reader to wonder if perhaps they are not being open minded enough or perhaps they have missed the greater picture. This is an example of logos (argument and persuasion through speech. The summary of Wood's essay sums up the "utopia" he desires as essentially a planet with robotic organisms devoid of any spirit or autonomy. This is the absolute opposite of the very nature of humanity and is therefore very amoral. Therefore, ethos is not an element of argument used overall in Wood's essay. The following statement in Wood's summary explains this machine run "utopia" void of humanity"In sum, the new technologies
Monday, September 23, 2019
EMOHRUO (Airspace Management and Air Traffic Services) Essay
EMOHRUO (Airspace Management and Air Traffic Services) - Essay Example This report will delineate the major issues associated with the airspace management and air traffic services required for Emohruo. Reference will continuously be made to the map of Emohruo which is displayed below for reference. Within the scope of future airspace management and air traffic services Emohruo will emerge as an island nation with multiple roles. Given that Emohruo sits at the cross roads of international traffic, it is highly likely that the nation will see international traffic in the shape of connecting flights from all directions. Moreover the prospect of LVI developing into a gambling den is very real and will present a lot of international and regional tourist traffic. The air traffic will also be augmented by needs of the mining industry as well as the fishing industry along with the ski resort SKI to the north east. On the other hand, domestic traffic will most likely flow along the eastern coast and to the mid western town of MP4. Constant movement will be required between LVI, the mining towns, the fishing industry, SKI and the cities of BP 1, 2 and 3 as well as MP4 in order to provide goods and services. This will represent the domestic air traffic load. Another set of air traffic is presented by military needs especially in wake of the recent civil war and whilst required this component of air traffic will have to be kept isolated from all other forms of traffic for strategic reasons. The current location of the military exercise areas (refer to Figure One above) is isolated from cities and other commercial functions and should be maintained as such. Consequently commercial air traffic from the west over the military zone will be forbidden and should be designated as a no fly zone. The military setup could also be removed and moved further down south just above MP4 such that traffic towards LVI will not interfere with it but this presents two problems. One there may
Sunday, September 22, 2019
Google Search Essay Example for Free
Google Search Essay What are the company’s key resources and competitive capabilities? What competitive liabilities and resource weaknesses does it have? What opportunities exist? What threats to its continued success are present? The key resources and competitive capabilities of the search industry are due to the huge company’s success. For instance, Google gains the trust of users through reliable, accurate searches and a clear distinction of upfront advertisements in searches. Therefore, the online business user’s can do their work in minimum physical locations and lower fixed cost. These locations is fully utilized as they maximize the creativity and being in high-spirit for their working environment. The employees are hired selectively amongst some of the greatest minds in technology and related fields, and are given the tools, freedom, and encouragement to be innovative and fulfilled by their job. Several iconic features of Google remain unparalleled, including their extensive Google Earth and Google Maps capabilities, archetypal YouTube video streaming, and Google Search Appliances that allow other companies to feature Google search bars within their own sites. Being a leader in the search industries, Google is also has a few number of weaknesses. These could have serious implications on the future of their business as such the low revenue that is acquired from YouTube represents a lost opportunity for such a large online presence. Their grasp on the comprehensive social networking market is far behind those of their competitors. And while they remain an industry leader, their international reach in emerging markets such as China leave much to be desired and acquired. The rapid growth in search industries which revolving around technology and the Internet turns out of giving many opportunities to Google currently and in the near future. For example, the Internet and mobile advertising growth lead the way for increasing importance of Search Engine Optimization for marketers. More data on users becomes more readily available using data collected from searches and Chrome. Possibly the most important up-and-coming necessity for innovative companies such as Google is the availability for users to have all of their information in one account through cloud computing. Being in such a competitive and fast moving environment will comes together with the threats to the firms. Companies who are leaders in their industry in avenues Google has attempted to take, such as Facebook for social networking, Microsoft Office for word processing, and Weather.com for detailed weather reports, make finding a stronghold in such ventures very difficult. Users who are already fully integrated are unlikely to switch, and may be hesitate to have their personal information in multiple locations. Cloud computing poses a serious threat to possible hacking and identity theft, since a single set of login information could allow access to a multitude of facets of personal information. The ethical concern in the minds of many consumers regarding the ability of companies to track user viewing habits hurts users’ trust in Google, and is characterized in the blocking habits of Explorer and Firefox. Without access to this information however, the full potential of selective online advertising cannot be reached. Google must also confront substitute services as they arise, so that their main competitive advantage in search specialization is not replicated. In addition, they must be aware of any intellectual property rights laws that may be passed in the near future so as not to impede onto the service they provide.
Saturday, September 21, 2019
Gluconeogenesis: Fructose 1, 6 Bisphosphatase Deficiency
Gluconeogenesis: Fructose 1, 6 Bisphosphatase Deficiency Ashley Woodin Introduction Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate is a key regulatory step in gluconeogenesis, as well as many other intracellular metabolic pathways. During gluconeogenesis there is an important process in which there is a conversion of glucose to pyruvate which is known as glycolysis. This process will require three irreversible steps that have a very high negative free energy that is in the forward reaction. So, in order to have a conversion from pyruvate into glucose, the pathway will require the use of enzymes, which will allow the bypassing of these irreversible steps. One of the enzymes that is used in this process is called Fructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase (Kelley, 2006). This step is a very important step in gluconeogenesis, being that it needs to have fructose bisphosphatase to catalyze the conversion of fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate into fructose 6-phospahate, and inorganic phosphate, that without it can block the pathway. Its activity is high regulated by the levels of Adenosine Monophosphate, fructos e 2, 6-bisphosphate and also citrate (Kelley, 2006). When deficiencies are present in this pathway and devoid of this conversion, glycerol into glucose, it will lead to fasting hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis and other physiological conditions. This enzyme is highly active within the liver and the intestines. Therefore, when the liver glycogen stores are no longer available, the physical properties of the body will fight for its homeostasis (Eren, 2013) by converting a three carbon based molecule such as non-carbohydrate precursors, like lactate, glycerol as well as pyruvate, in order to maintain blood glucose levels (Eren, 2013). There is a physiological change in the body there is a need for glucose to be synthesized. When there is a high demand upon glucose synthesizes, the gluconeogenic pathway is increased exponentially. This demand typically occurs during high cardio, pregnancy and lactation (Wallace, 2002). There can also be an increase demand upon gluconeogenesis when the body is in a fasting state (Wallace,2002). Hypoglycemia has a high dependence upon gluconeogenesis formation, because it is the key metabolic pathway which will protect this physiological problem. Moreover, hypoglycemia is a very life-threating situation. Within the gluconeogenesis metabolic pathway, Fructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase is very crucial; as it aids in biochemical reactions and many of the physiological functions of the body. Structure and Properties Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate with six carbon sugar molecules is also known as the Harden-young ester, it has fructose sugars which are phosphorylated on the C1 and C6 (Diwan, 2006). However, before this step can be achieved it needs to start from the beginning in gluconeogenesis. It is important to note that glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are not reversed pathways. It’s clear to see that glycolysis and gluconeogenesis will have a lot of the same enzymes embedded within each other; however these two functional pathways are not the reverse of each other. Moreover, the irreversible steps, that are high exergonic, in glycolysis are bypassed in the gluconeogenesis pathway (Berg JM, 2002). In fact, each of the pathways is so tightly controlled by the intercellular as well as the intracellular signals, and they are highly regulated so that glycolysis and gluconeogenesis will not occur in the same cell at the same time (Berg JM, 2002). Looking at the glyconeogenic pathway the ability to see that there is a conversion of pyruvate into glucose (Berg JM, 2002). These conversions are achieved by Non-carbohydrate precursors of glucose, in which they are either first being converted into pyruvate, or they will enter the pathway at later pathway intermediates like oxaloacetate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate . There are currently three major non-carbohydrate precursors that are looked at, and they are lactate, amino acids, and glycerol. The first (1) precursor stated above is lactate, it has a formation that is by the active skeletal muscle, this occurs at a when the rate of glycolysis has reach its maximum of the oxidative metabolism (Berg JM, 2002). The amino acids with a carbon skeleton (Brandt, 2003) are derived from the amount of proteins that are in the diet, as well as starvation, from the breaking down of the proteins that are housed within the skeletal muscle (Berg JM, 2002). Lastly, the glycerol will obtain fat cells by the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols which wi ll yield glycerol as well as the lipids (Berg JM, 2002). As stated above, before looking at fructose-1,6-bisphosphate the beginning steps in gluconeogenesis needs to be looked at. Biosynthesis. We began synthesis by looking at the glycolysis pathway, there are a lot of enzymes that are used to synthesize glucose from a pyruvate stage. There are three reactions in glycolysis which we termed irreversible (specifically those catalyzed by pyruvate kinase, phosphofructokinase, and hexokinase) are not used in gluconeogenesis synthesis (Selinsky, 2002). These three (3) reactions of Glycolysis have such a large negative delta G in the forward direction that they are essentially irreversible, which is why bypass is used by enzymes in order for them to be synthesize. The delta G will make a determination of the proper direction of the carbon flow through the pathway (Brandt, 2003). Gluconeogenesis needs to be more exergonic, so in order to make that happened six ATPs are consumed (Miles, 2003).The first step or bypass, is by converting 3 carbon pyruvate into 4 carbon intermediate oxaloacetate , biotin-requiring reaction catalyzed (King, 2014), this is called pyruvate carboxylate (Sel insky, 2002). This mitochondrial enzyme will convert the pyruvate into oxaloacetate. Pyruvate carboxylase is a mitochondrial. The biotin is interconnected heavily as it is bound to the amino group covalently on the lysine side chain of the pyruvate carboxylase (Brandt, 2003). Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes formation between the biotin (Biotin has a 5-carbon side chain whose terminal carboxyl is in an amide linkage to the e-amino group of a lysine of the enzyme (Diwan, 2007)), and carbon dioxide carbonate by having a covalent bond. When there is a reaction that is ATP- dependent, the carbonate will then be put into action and transferred to the pyruvate substrate, in order to make a molecule oxaloacetate (Brandt, 2003). the high and low amount of concentration of acetyl CoA and ATP will ultimately decide is the oxaloacetic acid will survive or diminish (Ophardt, 2003). If there is a lower amount of acetyl- CoA and higher concentrations of ATP than the pathway will continue (Ophardt, 2003). A Transport of oxaloacetate out of mitochondria Oxaloacetate Malate NADH + H + NAD + Malate Oxaloacetate NADH + H + NAD + Inner mito are seen in this first bypass step. The Using a specific enzyme the Oxaloacetate will now be able to be converted into phosphoenolpyruvate , by the enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Selenski, 2005). This Mg ²+ enzyme will require is GTP being the donor for when there is the possibility for a phosphoryl transfer reaction, thus losing the loss of a CO ² molecule. Therefore, within this first step bypass synthesis, the reaction has gone from, phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, and overall one (1) ATP is gained. In returning to phosphoenolpyruvate from pyruvate, the equivalent of 2 ATP must be consumed (Selinsky, 2002). Note that the CO ² that was gained in the pyruvate in the beginning of the pyruvate carboxylase step, has now been loss in the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. The second (2) bypass Now, to go from phosphoenolpyruvate to fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate into 6-bisphosphate, with this reaction the same reaction can be used, entirely by the concentrations of substrates and products (Selinsky, 2002). Because the reaction being exponentially endergonic, thus irreversible, the transition from the fructose 6-phosphate uses a catalyst from a different Mg ² + enzyme called the dependent fructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase, (Lehninger, ) This will promote an irreversible hydrolysis at the C-1 phosphate (Lehninger,). This is the third (3) bypass of gluconeogenesis which is the final step and in most tissues gluconeogenesis would end at the fructose 6-phosphate which was generated by fructose 1, 6 bisphosphatase being converted into glucose 6-phosphate. So, basically instead of having free glucose being generated, glucose 6-phosphate would be converted in glycogen ( Tymoczko, 2013). In this final step of gluconeogenesis, free glucose is will take shelter in the liver. Glucose 6-phosphate is then transported into the lumen if the endoplasmic recticulum, thus it is then hydrolyzed to glucose by the glucose 6-phosphatase (Tymoczko, 2013). Note that each of the step reactions that have been achieved, to the formation of glucose from pyruvate is considered energetically unfavorable, unless there are coupling reactions which are favorable (Tymoczko, 2013). In the end of this biosynthesis there are six (6) nucleoside triphosphate molecules that have been hydrolyzed in order to achieved a synthesize of glucose from pyruvate (Tymoczko, 2013). Regulation Gluconeogenesis is highly regulated by a series of regulations. The steps are broken down and now they have to be a regulation in gluconeogenesis. It is obvious that it’s going to have a direct correlation contrast to glycolysis. Consider the first stage in which energy is needed (Tymoczko, 2014). The main site of regulations is seen when the there is a regulation in the activity of PFK-1 and F1,6BPase and this would be the most important site for the controlling of the flux which is toward glucose oxidation or even when there is glucose synthesis. As described in control of glycolysis, this is predominantly controlled by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, F2,6BP which is a powerful negative allosteric effector of F1,6Bpase activity (King, 2004). â€Å"Acetyl CoA is an allosteric effector of both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Acetyl-CoA inhibits pyruvate kinase and reciprocally activates pyruvate carboxylase (Miles,2003). Second, insulin and glucagon are very important when regulating pathway (Wallace,2002). There will be a decline in the response to the glucagon stimulation, when the level of Fructose 2,6 bisphosphate decline in the hepatocytes (King, 2014). Once these signals are stimulated the signals will be excited through an activation of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (King, 2014). Both the PFK2 and fructose bisphosphatase are present in the 55-kd polypeptide chain (Tymoczko, 2013). here is a substrate enzyme which is bifunctional (King, 2014) which contains a N-terminal regulatory domain (Tymoczko, 2013) being responsible for the synthesis of the hydrolysis of fructose 2, 6- bisphosphate and that is the protein kinase a phosphatase domain. Therefore once the PFK-2 is phosphorylated by PKA it will start to dephosphorlate, by acting as a phosphatase (King, 2014). â€Å"AMP will ultimately enhances the inhibition of Fructose-2,6-BP. Note that these allosteric effectors of fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase all are allosteric effectors of phosphofructokinase (Miles, 2003). These effectors reciprocally regulate both enzymes. Furthermore, fructose 1, 6-bisphosphase once it’s active, its activity will be highly regulated by the ATP to ADP concentration (Tymoczko, 2014). When this is high then gluconeogenesis can proceed to its highest potential. PROKARYOTES VERSUS EUKARYOTES Gluconeogenesis conversion happens in both the eukaryotic and prokaryotes, however it is very important to know its difference. In eukaryotes the lactate that is formed anaerobically within the muscles will be converted to glucose in liver and kidney, thus being stored as glycogen or even being released as blood glucose (Davis, 2014). In prokaryotes the production of the G3P product of photosynthesis will be converted in a starch form and then further stored in the chloroplasts or even being converted into glucose and sucrose, where it is then exported to the other tissues for starch storage (Davis, 2014). As stated above when it comes to the biosynthesis of all eukaryotes, it is an requirement for survival, because so much of the homeostasis of the body (e.g., the brain and the nervous system),glucose from the blood as the primary fuel source ( Nelson, 2012). Just alone the human brain will require as much as 120 g of glucose with a one day period (Nelson, 2012). When considering eukaryotes gluconeogenesis will primarly occur in the liver and also in the kidney but not much. In prokaryotes the seedlings, will find that it stores the fate and proteins, which are then converted into disaccharide sucrose foe the ability of transport throughout the plant that is developing (Nelson, 2012). â€Å"The glucose and its derivatives are precursors in the synthesis of plant cell walls, nucleotides and coenzymes, and a variety of other essential metabolites†(Nelson, 2012). There are many small organisms that are capable to grow on what are plain organic compounds like acetate, lactate, and propionate. They then will convert to glucose by gluconeogenesis (Nelson, 2012). Defects Pathway Although the pathway may be highly regulated, there are still possibilities for defects to occur. As stated in the beginning of this paper fructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase is very crucial; as it aids in biochemical reactions and many of the physiological functions of the body. In the mechanism of fructose 1, 6- bisphosphatase, there is the Glu98 which will activate a molecule consisting of water. That water molecule will than attack the phosphorus atom on the 1-phosphate of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Kelly, 2006).â€Å"The hydrolysis of a phosphate ester can proceed through an intermediate of metaphosphate (dissociative mechanism) or through a trigonal bipryamidal transition state (associative mechanism)†(Kelly, 2006). Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase which catalyzes the hydrolysis of D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) to D-fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) and inorganic phosphate (Pi), it is the very key to the eyzamatic process of gluconeogenesis (Sato, 2004). phosphofructokinase is also an important catalyze reaction, because it will catalyze the reverse reaction, â€Å"the phosphorylation of F6P during glycolysis, the unidirectional FBPase regulates the flux of sugar metabolism†(Sato,2004). Furthermore, the enzymatic block can lead to the high amount of accumulation of gluconeogenic precursors (e.g. certain amino acids, lactic acid, and ketoacids) (Kelley, 2006). Therefore, when there is a fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase deficiency is an inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder and a person would have what is called a severe lactic acidosis and also with a diagnose of hypoglycemia. Disease Population in the United States In the United States alone about 10 percent of this nations population is diagnosed with hypoglycemia, from the defect in the enzyme fructose 1, 6, bisphosphatase. This disease affects those who are typically obese and or have type 2 diabetes. In order to try and control the diseas population treatments are use, like Metformin. Metformin is an anti-hyperglycemic reagent that has been used in the patients for over the past several years, in obese patients or overweight patients whose blood glucose levels cannot be controlled non-pharmacologically (Salpeter, 2010). â€Å"Fructose 1,6-BPase is a target for the development of drugs in the treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes, which afflicts over 15 million people in the United States†(Kelley, 2006). Today it is still unknown on how fructose-1, 6 bisphosphatase is genetically inherited, there are still ongoing studies. Some of the ongoing studies that were seen is if Reye syndrome and sudden infant death, have a direct correlation to a defect in this enzyme, however the research still continues. As stated above, the primary target for hypoglycemia is still heavily looked upon in the obese community, and overweight community, because they are more susceptible to getting diabetes. As see fructose 1, 6 bisphosphatase is the key precursor for the gluconeogenesis pathway to occur. It is very important that the sugar intake is watch closely, when children are at a young age. According to a recent study, it is shown that fructose intolerant is seen in late infancy stage and only after they have a dietary ingestion of foods that are containing fructose or sucrose. Foods such as such as fruits, juices are the primary transportantion. The organs commonly affected by fructose bisphosphatase deficiency are liver, kidney cortex and intestinal mucos (Frazier, 2013). Overall Pathway of Gluconeogenesis Now, putting the metabolic pathway all together, Conclusion Fructose 1, 6 bisphosphatase is a very crucial enzyme to the continuance of gluconeogenesis regulation. With the literature that has been conducted, it lays out step by step why this metabolic biosynthesis pathway is vital to eukaryotic and prokaryotic. There are ways to combat this disease, and that is by maintaining a healthy diet. This entail will work to defeat the affects that this has on the population. BIBLIOGRAPHY Brandt, M. Amino Acid Breakdown. 2003. Retrieved from https://www.rose-hulman.edu/~brandt/Chem330/Amino_acid_breakdown.pdf. (Accessed December 5, 2014). Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. 5th edition. New York: W H Freeman; 2002. Chapter 16, Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis. Diwan, J. Gluconeogenesis: Regulation of Glycolysis Gluconeogenesis. Retrieved from http://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb1/part2/gluconeo.htm#intro. (Accessed December 5, 2014). Frazier D. Glycogen Storage Disease Laboratory. 2013. Retrieved from http://pediatrics.duke.edu/divisions/medical-genetics/biochemical-genetics-laboratory/glycogen-storage-disease-laboratory/tes-8. (accessed on December 5, 2014) 2014). King, M. Gluconeogenesis: Endogenous Glucose Synthesis. 2014. Retrieved from http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/gluconeogenesis.php#. (Accessed December 5, 2014). Kelley, M. Fructose 1-6 Bisphosphatase. Retrieved from http://faculty.uca.edu/mkelley/4121 Web pages/Student_Webpages_2006/Aanu ogunbanjo web things/The webbie.html. (Accessed December 5, 2014). UC Davis. 2013. Gluconeogenesis. Retrieved from http://www-plb.ucdavis.edu/courses/bis/105/lectures/Gluconeogenesis.pdf. (Accessed December 5, 2014). Lehniger, Nelson, and Cox. Principles of Biochemistry. 2002. Retrieved from http://www.irb.hr/users/precali/Znanost.o.Moru/Biokemija/Literatura/Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Fourth Edition David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox.pdf. (accessed on December 5, 2014). Miles, B. Gluconeogenesis. 2003. Retrieved from https://www.tamu.edu/faculty/bmiles/lectures/gluconeogenesis.pdf. (Accessed December 5, 2014). Ophart, C. Glycogenesis, Glycogenolysis, and Gluconeogenesis. 2003. Retrieved from http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/604glycogenesis.html. (Accessed December 5, 2014). Selinsky, B. Biosynthesis: Gluconeogenesis. 2005. Retrieved from http://www22.homepage.villanova.edu/barry.selinsky/CHM%204622/Carbohydrate%20II%20M16%2005.pdf. (Accessed December 5, 2014). Salpeter SR. Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Retrieved from http://www.bibliotecacochrane.com/pdf/CD002967.pdf. (Accessed December 5, 2014). Wallace C., Barritt G. Gluconeogenesis. 2002. Encyclopedia of life sciences: p:1-8. (Accessed December 5, 2014).
Friday, September 20, 2019
Mission And Key Objectives Of Fonterra Marketing Essay
Mission And Key Objectives Of Fonterra Marketing Essay Is a provider of nearly all essential nutrients for people. It is the richest dietary source of calcium and also contributes many other essential nutrients including protein, vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin B12 and zinc. At Fonterra, dairy is our passion its who we are and what we do best. With over 100 years of New Zealand expertise in developing nutritious dairy products, Fonterra Brands is dedicated to discovering new ways to deliver the unique health and wellness benefits of dairy (Source: www.dairyintakes.com). Tip Top ice cream has a big demand in the market, it is currently drenched with a variety of products and TIP TOP is in the market with practically no local brand awareness. To detain market share, TIP TOP must create plus cultivate a physically powerful product image. This statement fact the best routes to attain this. At the outset, to appeal to Auckland market, the company should display a more modern label and tub than what presently exists. An study of the present competition for TIP TOP is presented that focuses on three of the most accepted ice creams sold in Auckland today. Using SWOT analysis, the particular strengths and weaknesses of TIP TOP into the light of this contest are examined. Key pressure and key opportunities are recognized, for instance, there is tough dispute for TIP TOP but its unique taste and quality well for success definitely a significant market opportunity for attractively priced ice cream (Source: www.tiptop.co.nz) particular recommendations for action pursue that highlight the need for a strong product icon, well-defined positioning approach and slogans, affordability pricing, and select supply locations. captivating into account that TIP TOP is a high quality product targeted at the fashionable market segment consisting of equally kids and teenagers and adults school students and a wide range of advertising strategies is then obtainable. INTRODUCTION Fonterra is the worlds primary exporter of dairy products and liable for more than a third of worldwide dairy trade. Fonterras dairy farmers have extensive been identified for producing excellence ice cream and other dairy products in todays market. New Zealand is a global chief in large-scale milk procurement and dealing out. Fonterras global supply chain stretches from farms all over New Zealand to customers and consumers in more than 140 countries. Fonterras vision is to be the natural source of dairy nutrition for all young and old, everywhere, every day. Fonterra is a global chief in dairy nutrition the chosen merchant of dairy ingredients to many of the worlds foremost food companies. Fonterra is also a market chief with our own consumer dairy brands in Australia/New Zealand, Asia/Africa, (Source: www.fonterra.co.nz). The farmer-owned New Zealand supportive is the largest processor of milk in the planet, producing more than two million tonnes of dairy ingredients, worth added dairy ingredients, specialty ingredients and consumer goods every year. Representation on generations of dairy qualifications, Fonterra is one of the largest investors in dairy based investigate and advance in the world. Fonterras 16,000 employees work across the dairy scale from advising farmers on sustainable farming and milk production, to ensure we live up to demanding quality principles and delivering every day on our purchaser promise in more than 100 markets approximately the world. As part of our commitment to providing TIP TOP Fonterra offers dairy products that meet the different health and wellness needs of our consumers all around the world. This is based on a belief in quality products, sound science and doing whats right by their consumers. various of the marketing strategies are geared toward the prestigious market of dairy shops and local supermarkets. Internet marketing is essential today and a suggestion for implementing this such as website design plus examines methods of how to improve the quantity and quality of interchange to the website. Lastly, suitable methods to evaluate the achievement of the marketing operation are particular plus a campaign budget and a timetable that recommends dates for the choice of stages of the promotional efforts. TIP TOP determination acquires a controlling product image and a very vigorous market share in the close future (Source: www.fonterra.co.nz). MISSION AND KEY OBJECTIVES OF FONTERRA What Mother Nature creates, Fonterra enhances to carry the best of the dairys goodness to generations of consumers and patrons around the planet. Its our lifes work. The mission statement for Fonterra is: We are dedicated to upholding Fonterras standards, while maintaining the leadership position in the dairy industry when delivering advanced customer service in a significantly efficient and profitable manner, We create a culture where employees share best practices dedicated to coaching and developing our organization as an employer of choice. (Sourece: www.fonterramissionstatement.co.nz). Everything we do is inspired by our enduring mission: To Refresh the Worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..in body, mind, and spirit. To Inspire Moments of Optimismà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..through our brands and our actions. To Create Value and Make a Differenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..everywhere we connect. The key objectives for Fonterra Company are: To stay at the head as the market leader in innovative product introductions and successful product launches. To strengthen and satisfy the needs of the more adventurous generation of consumers with a new eye-catching and functional product. To become the market leader in the dairy products segment with increased markets shares. Operational objective is to remain one of the lowest costs, sustainable dairy cooperatives in the planet. Construct trust partnerships with customers by being a multi-origin merchant, allowing us to construct more precious relationships during supply chain addition and improvement. Make Fonterra foodstuffs the primary option of patrons and consumers everywhere we do business. Fonterra aims for global dairy industry leadership. The company strives to be the lowest cost supplier of commodity dairy products, the leading price and inventory manger in the large-scale commodity market, An effective developer of dairy ingredients partnerships in preferred markets, A leading speciality milk components trendsetter and solutions provider, A leading consumer nutritional milks marketer, And to be a leading dairy marketer to foodservice in key markets. (Source: www. fonterra.co.nz). MARKETING OBJECTIVES TIP TOP have long been known for producing quality ice cream and other dairy foodstuffs and today New Zealand is a world chief in large-scale of ice cream procurement and processing. Our universal supply chain stretches from farms all over New Zealand to patrons and clients in more than 140 countries. Fonterras is made up of NZ$14.1 billion assets with annual turnover of NZ$16 billion, total ice cream production in New Zealand of 14.76 billion litres, sales volume of 2.31 million metric tonnes and 15600 employees (Source: www. fonterrafinancialstatement.co.nz). Ever since Fonterra Co-operative Group was created in 2001, we have developed into the worlds largest dairy exporter with nearly 11,000 shareholders. The company 95 per cent of our New Zealand made dairy products to our consumers and patrons in more than 140 countries. The milk tankers accumulate approximately 14 billion litres of milk every year. Fonterras marketing objectives is to: Increase the market share by 15% from $4.52 to Fonterra wants to pour another $260 million (RMB 1,250,000,000) into trebling milk manufacture at its Darfield location with a innovative dryer vying to the largest in New Zealand. Fonterra has the second dryer built by 2015 as the current $200m (RMB 1,000,000,000) site, still being constructed, it is expected to be at complete ability in subsequently. The 650-hectare (9,750mu) location 3.5 kilometres from the Canterbury city of Darfield is being extended to produce extra complete milk powder because Canterbury leads dairy increase countrywide. To increase milk production by 6per cent to 7 per cent a year in the state compared among 3per cent to 4 per cent countrywide by the end of financial year 2012. Increase unit sales by 10% from $8.75 per kg MS to $7.00per kg MS by the mid of the financial year 2013. Thus increase the total sales volume by 15% from 2.49 million metric tonnes to 2.69 million metric tonnes. Increase milk production in New Zealand by 15% from 15.75 billion litres to 15.85 billion litres by the mid of the financial year 2013. To increase net profit after tax range from 2012 financial year is currently forecast to be in the range of $400-$440 million, equating to 70-80 cents per share. The updated forecast Payout range for this year combines an unchanged forecast Milk Price of $8.00 per kg MS and a forecast Distributable Profit range of $280-$330 million, equating to 50-60 cents per share 20 cents higher than the previous forecast in February 2012. The target range for the dividend (to be paid out of Distributable Profit) is unchanged at 25-30 cents per share. (Source: www.fonterrafinancialstatement.co.nz MARKETING STRATEGIES Marketing strategies is made up of 7ps and they are product, price, place, promotion, people, process and physical evidence. PRICE The price of an item is clearly and important determinant of the value of sales made. A companies pricing policy will vary according to the market shares and fluctuation of the circumstances. Given that Pricing is one of the most important element of the marketing mix, as it is the simply the only mix, which generates a turnover for the organization. value must maintain elements of the mix. Pricing is complicated and must reflect supply and demand correlation. The price is $4.99 per 2litre tub of TIP TOP booysens berry ripple gives a competitive edge and will facilitate penetration for its targeted market segment. Penetration pricing is the price charged for the product will be officially set low in order to gain market share and once this is achieved, the price will be increased. Therefore, this case showed that setting a price high encourages the market to perceive the products as having a higher quality than lower period products of the similar type. Consumers are willing to pay more for a product that they perceive as superior. Using a similar pricing strategy, Fonterra is having the edge over TIP TOP because its price is slightly lower. PRODUCT TIP TOP boysons berry ripple ice cream provides kids and teenagers with all the goodness of milk in a convenient tub of ice cream. .TIP TOP has no artificial colours or flavours and has only 10% of fat. The best news is that ICE CREAM can offer you the same nutrients as regular milk and it will be less in sugar with the same taste of any other ice cream in the market ice cream is good for a lot of things, like on a hot day you have an ice cream it will cool you down, when kids have a sore throat they can eat TIP TOP ice cream. TIP TOP has 465kj of energy per 2 litre tub.0.9g of protein,10.1g sugar,40mg sodium and 14.2g carbohudrate,3.1g saturated and only 5.5g of fat.TIP TOP is made of cream milk, Sugar, water glucose,syrup,milk,solids non fat emulsifiers, vegetable gums coco powder, corn syrup and rising agents. PLACE The making of TIP TOP takes place at the factory in 113 CARBINE ROAD MT WELLINGTON AUCKLAND NEW ZEALAND. At the factory all different flavours of ice cream is made and stored in tubs and cones all different types. Once the production is complete then the ice creams are packed and transported to wholesalers and large retail stores around NEW ZEALAND by trucks they are also been transported to dairys and small retail stores. TIP TOP will ultimately be distributed throughout Auckland.TIP TOP is brand geared towards a advanced end market and to consumers who are increasingly becoming wellbeing conscious. They will facilitate the branding of TIP TOP as premium ice cream. This will persuade word of mouth publicity emphasizing the lasting memory of having the best ice cream NEW ZEALAND. PROMOTION Promotion is the activity, which the firm undertakes to communicate and promote products to the target market. The main objective of promotion is to: Build Awareness New goods are regularly unknown to a marketplace, which means preliminary promotional efforts must focus on establishing an identity. In this circumstances the marketer should focus on promotion to: 1) effectively reach patrons, and 2) tell the market who they are and what they include to offer. generate interest by affecting a customer from awareness of a merchandise to making a buy can present a considerable test. Provide Information promotion is intended to assist customers in the search phase of the purchasing process. The product that competes in an presented market, informational endorsement may be used to help with a invention positioning strategy. Encourages Demand The right promotion can drive patrons to make a purchase. In the case of goods that a shopper has not before purchased or has not purchased in a long time, the promotional efforts may be bound for at getting the consumer to try the product. Highlight the product Once a purchase is complete, a vendor can use promotion to assist build a physically powerful relationship that can direct to the client suitable an devoted purchaser The promotional strategies for TIP TOP consists of advertising; promotional ads and free sampling. ADVERTISING Kids do not read newspapers much or neither listen to the radio now days. As a result our main converge for mass media advertising will be billboards television and bus stands. The advertising on television will be shown during cartoon time when kids are watching TV and also at nite when its family time. The logo for TIP TOP brings families together for a hot summer to have fun and spend time. It is a desert used in most of the functions. Through outdoor advertising by having billboards all around South Auckland will be large and similar types of advertisements will be placed on the internet and other conventional sites to increase visitors to the company site as well as making money online as well. SALES PROMOTION Customer connection Management (CRM) incentives such as additional benefit points every $10.00 spent in store the customer would receive 1 point For example having 10points the consumer would receive a free 2litre tub of any tip top ice cream. There will also be a draw for a play station 3. Free samples (aka. Sampling) e.g. tasting of foodstuff and drink at sampling points in stores and on the beach on a hot day will promote people to buy more. Competitions and reward draws, in the media, magazines, on the television and broadcasting, on The Internet, and on packs. Vouchers and coupons, regularly seen in the media and magazines or on packs will enable consumers to go in competition to win huge prizes such as win travel trips. PUBLIC RELATIONS Sponsoring or hosting social events can be an additional useful way to create awareness and construct a positive image for our product. When doing an episode, there are many key advertising tactics to keep in mind. Just like every person desires some kind of dairy product to get calcium to create publicity and good relationship with the customers. TIP TOP will be contributing 1% of the net sales for every trumpet sold and 2% contributed to every 2litre tub sold towards charitable foundation in Auckland which goes towards supporting sports clubs and the disadvantaged people. Moreover, the company will be sponsoring sporting events, charitable functions and in local communities as well to increase alertness and sales. COMMUNICATION AND CO-ORDINATION The value and reputation gained by an association come from the usefulness of its inner division. The competence of a department differs on the height of facts and skills passed out by the citizens working inside it. There are numerous significant departments that an association keeps in their system. For Fonterra the departments are enumerated when the human resource section, research and development division, and the secretarial section. Nevertheless, all of the departments are not specified such significance because of the density and complexity in accepting their functions. Therefore, statement plays an important role in business as it helps in understanding the different concepts of the marketing and business world. It helps in building a plan to customise a blueprint of a specific situation (Source: www. marketingcommunications.com). The product and the prevailing market conditions will determine the optimal Marketing Communication Mix as well as identify the target spectators, the right message and media to reach them with. Human Resource Management (HRM) is the gathering within an association that focuses on recruitment of, management of, and providing direction for the people who work in the association (source: wwww.about.com). Human Resource Management is the organizational function that deals with issues associated to people such as compensation, hiring, performance management, organization development, safety, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration, and training. To have a new website for Fonterra a web designer or an IT specialist will be hired therefore,, Human Resource Department will be responsible in the recruitment process for the hiring of a web designer. Thus having a new website will enable more customers to easily access Fonterras specials and brands. Research and development is at the moment of immense importance in industry as the height of competition, manufacture processes and methods are speedily mounting. It is of particular significance in the field of advertising where companies continue to keep a watchful eye on competitors and patrons in arrange to keep rate with present trends and analyse the needs, demands and desires of their consumers. To get regular feedbacks and new thoughts about further improvements in consumer tastes and information on competitors, research and development will be consulted. A study and development section will require working very strongly with the marketing division to recognize the needs of the clientele and to test outputs of the RD sector. The purchasing department has a major function directly influencing the foremost cost of working or trade professional procedure of any business depends in the lead correct revenue of investment. The purchasing division must make certain receipt of correct resources when needed is adequate quantities to sustain production at the equivalent time, it must not increase asset beyond that mandatory to meet current needs and uphold a rational factor of securely against stock and position. Therefore, purchasing department will be consulted in order to purchase new equipment and machinery for the company. Operations will need to use sales forecasts formed by the promotion division to sketch their invention schedules. The sales division of an association is most likely one of the most vital departments in an industry. The explanation why the sales division has so much significance is since the achievement or failure of a firm depends to a great extent on its sales strength. If the sales strength of a business fails to meet its targets, this means that the entire business will run a loss for that sales sector. It is thus tremendously essential that whoever manages the sales division of a industry is a experienced, knowledgeable and proficient manager. The sales will be quarterly evaluated to see if the new marketing strategies are effective or not. Therefore, sales department will be responsible for meeting the targets and having all the reports prepared for evaluation. Sales forecasts will also be a significant fraction of the budgets created by the investment department, as well as the operation of labour for the human resources division. The marketing segment will act as a guide and lead the companys other department in developing, producing, fulfilling, and servicing products or services for their consumers. Communication is essential. The marketing subdivision typically has a better understanding of the market and consumer needs. Marketing ought to be involved, and there should by a meeting of the minds, whenever planning are held regarding new product development or any customer-related gathering of the company. For example, service technicians and customer service reps will have enormous insights into customer opinions and needs. Get every person involved and there will be a more cohesive effort. For celebrity endorsement, billboards, TV and radio ads the marketing department will be held responsible for evaluating who will be the best to represent TIP TOP brand product for Fonterra. Marketing is perhaps the most significant movement in a industry because it has a straight outcome on productivity and sales. Bigge r businesses will supply specific employees and departments for the intention of marketing. The advertising section of a industry wants to work closely with operations, investigate and development, finance and human resources to prove their plans are possible. The purpose of accounting for a business is to have record of the receipts and expenditures of its daily actions. Accounting makes it available for the businesses to assess and analyse the businesss performance. This will help Fonterra to decide what improvements they need to make, or what practices to keep doing in order to keep the company at its thriving place (Source: http://EzineArticles.com/3138769). Accounts department will be responsible for preparing budgets, payrolls and balance sheets for Fonterra. A well-prepared budget will permit the marketing department evaluate on what segment of money is allocated to their section and act within the budget. Valuable communication plays an important role in business to notify and influence behaviour. Communication channels refer to the average you use to send a message, such as the telephone or email. Effective communication requires selecting an appropriate communication channel to send your message. An effective means of communication is important in order to efficiently react to the various demands of the market. The communication channels used by Fonterra are instant messaging, email, video conferencing, and telephone and power point presentations. Instant messaging is a enormous way to communicate with both colleagues and customers. Messaging software such as Skype, MSN, Yahoo Messenger whats app etc, also provide a swift way for different subdivisions within the business to correspond in Fonterra. Instant messaging is one of the most cost effective and effortless ways to communicate, as most of the frequently used applications are free and easy to install on any present computer. In addition to text message function, many software applications have call, or even video call, functionality as well. Email allows Fonterra to communicate with multiple parties, consecutively, from and to almost anywhere in the world. Most of the employees are comfortable with the utilize of email, and will check for new messages frequently. Newsletters, sent via email, will keep Fonterras workforce up to date with the latest news broadcast, offers, or any other changes within the business. E-mail has become the primary means for delivering short text messages within organizations that are networked. As e-mail between organizations becomes more frequent, the medium will increasingly take the part of fax, particularly as whole documents can be sent as e-mail attachments. E-mail provides many cost advantages when compared with the use of paper or the telephone. Presentations are very popular technique of communication in all types of organizations, frequently involving audiovisual material, like copies of reports, or material prepared in Microsoft PowerPoint or Adobe Flash and this is has become a very effective communication channel for Fonterra. Forum boards, which allow people to instantaneously post information at a centralized locality and face-to-face meetings, which are personal and have been successful by a written follow-up has been very popular communication channel for Fonterra. (Source: Importance of Communication Channels in Business/eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/about_6511827_importance-communication-channels-business) MARKETING MIX TACTICS PRICE The price of an item is clearly and essential determinant of the value of sales made. An organizations pricing policy will differ according to the market fluctuation and circumstances. Since Pricing is one of the most significant essentials of the advertising blend, as it is the only mix, which generates a proceeds for the association. Price must sustain these essentials of the mix. Pricing is hard and must reflect deliver and demand connection. Pricing merchandise too high or too low down could imply a loss of sales for the organization. The price of a 2litre tub of BOYSENNS BERRY RIPPLE is selling at $4.99 gives a competition edge and will facilitate penetration for its targeted market sector. Fonterra Group Limited has its own dairy farm and milk storing tanks thus fresh milk is used to make the product and due to this the cost of raw materials is a lot lesser.TIP TOP wants to be seen as high-status and of the premier quality but still attain a respectable size of the marketplace thus, A pricing tactic of being contained by the premier variety yet appealingly priced is an excellent form of access pricing. Penetration pricing is that the price charged for the product will be officially set low in order to gain market share and once this is achieved, the price will be improved. Therefore, this casing showed that a price elevated encourages the marketplace to recognize the products as having a superior excellence than lower priced foodstuffs of the same sort. Patrons are willing to pay extra for a product that they identify as superior. Using a similar pricing. Undercutting its major competition with access pricing should allow the company to gain market share. Furthermore, Fonterras striking price joint with high value of places it in a distinctive area on the consumers perceptual chart. PRODUCT TIP TOP ice cream provides kids with all the goodness in a tub. The best news is that can offer you the same nutrients as regular dairy products and it is refreshing on a hot summers day. The ingredients include: fat free milk, sugar (25% less in sugar), colour (120,160b), flavour, stabilizer and vitamin D. The purpose of TIP TOP is to help kids grown stronger. All milk naturally contains calcium. TIP TOP contains 50% more calcium than regular flavoured milk (*with 118 mg per 100ml). TIP TOP has 177 mg of calcium per 100ml and this calcium comes from calcium found naturally in milk as well as some extra added calcium. Calcium helps build strong bones and teeth. TIP TOP has Vitamin D added to it as it helps in the absorption of calcium. It comes in a 250ml packet that is enough for growing kids thus there wont be any wastage. TIP TOP also contains protein which is a natural component of milk. Protein is essential for growth and development. Protein also helps form of muscles. PLACE The making of TIP TOP will start right from the factory and then the ice cream will be Delivered to storing and pasteurisation and then the processed ice cream will be delivered through delivery trucks to the manufacturer and then to the wholesaler. From the wholesaler it will be delivered to retailers, supermarkets and small dairy shops around Auckland has begun to obtain product loyalty and a considerable marketplace share in Auckland, distribution channels will be opened up throughout North Island of New Zealand and later the drink will be introduced in whole of New Zealand. Therefore, the supply plan and marketing movement will aim impressive seats such as all intermediate and high schools, dairy shops, supermarkets and any social or cultural and sporting events held in and around Auckland. We diagram on choosing these locations for numerous reasons: This will promote word of mouth exposure emphasizing the long-term memory of having the finest ice cream in NEW ZEALAND at the choicest locations. High profile placement in upscale establishments which will enhance brand awareness and encourage patrons to make purchases for their beneficial future. The purpose of this circulation strategy is to: Cultivate client awareness of TIP TOP amongst definite market sector higher-end clients. generate brand loyalty to TIP TOP Acquire and expand market share of TIP TOP Encourage whole of South Auckland customers to gain experience with TIP TOP and instigate to spread the statement about what spectacular ICE CREAM TIP TOP has to offer. PROMOTION Promotion is one of the elements of marketing mix. It is the communication link between sellers and buyers for the purpose of influencing, informing, or persuading a potential buyers purchasing decision (Wikipedia, 2011). Promotion is the activity which the firm undertakes to communicate and promote products to the target market. The main objective of promotion is to: Build Awareness New foodstuffs are regularly unknown to a market, which resources primary promotional hard work must focus on establishing a character. In these circumstances the dealer must focus promotion to: 1) efficiently reach customers, and 2) tell the market who they are and what they have to offer. Create concern by moving a patron from awareness of a produce to making a buy can present a major examination. Provide Information endorsement is designed to support customers in the exploration stage of the purchasing procedure. The product that competes in an obtainable market, informational endorsement may be used to help with a merchandise positioning approach. Encourages Demand The accurate promotion can drive clients to make a buy. In the case of foodstuffs that a purchaser has not before purchased or has not purchased in a long time, the promotional hard work may be bound for at getting the consumer to try the manufactured goods. emphasize the Brand Once a buy is made, a vendor can use endorsement to help build a well-built relationship that can lead to the purchaser becoming a dedicated patron. The promotional strategies for TIP TOP consists of advertising, sales promotion and public relations. ADVERTISING All advertising is designed to increase the demand for a firms product whether facts are used or merely smoke and mirrors Advertising is any form of paid non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods or services through mass media such as newspapers, magazines, television, internet and radio by an identified sponsor (Principles of Marketing:. Kids are not too much into newspapers and radio therefore our main focus for mass media advertising will be television and internet. For television advertising celebrity endorsement will be an effective way to promote.TIP TOP when consumers see one of their favourite celebrities endorsing a product they are more likely to go out and buy the product and try it for themselves. For example celebrities s
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)